Credibility Assessment for Social Media in Crisis Communication Free Essay Example, 2000 words

Information from the Government Press may have a different level of credibility in comparison to government information conveyed by the use of social media. The management and communication of crisis information is an issue of major concern in China as shown by the nation’s historical events (Zhang, 2013). For example, a nuclear meltdown in Japan at Fukushima nuclear plant produced a significant influence on the concerns about health and safety of the Chinese population. There was a rumor that there was need for adequate consumption of iodized salt to stay safe from radiations and that the China’s future salt supplies will contain impurities from the Japan’s crisis. This rumor encouraged many Chinese people to purchase salt. This incidence is one of the many occurrences that raise the question on how much credibility the Chinese people place on various media platforms. The approach of assessing the credibility of information offers essential perspectives on crisis communication that prompt further research to find out how the sharing of crisis information is achievable with high credibility, both to the information and to the government (Zhang, 2013). We will write a custom essay sample on Credibility Assessment for Social Media in Crisis Communication or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The Chinese population has advanced technological connections (Arnold, 2008). Most of the people have social media accounts and exchange information and rumors online (Arnold, 2008). The high population density also contributes to the critical role of the social ties and social media in the process of information dissemination. This research will assess the credibility of information that results from social media at the time of the crisis and how people perceive information from such sources. Before the adoption of the internet and the invention of social media, the Chinese people majorly relied on information from newspapers and televisions for breaking news. The growth of communication technologies has transformed the transmission of information. News outlets have hosted websites, blogs, and provided podcasts for them to remain relevant in the dissemination of information in this era of technological advancement (Ivey Business Journal, 2014). The social media, majorly Twitter and Facebook, have become major sources for the dissemination of information in the recent past (Ivey Business Journal, 2014). However, the Chinese government seems to continue placing heavy reliance on these media even after technological breakthroughs and the invention of social media. These current technological advancements in communication and the use of social media are widely attributed to their speed and convenience in relaying information especially in crises (Lyu, 2012).

The Effects Of Video Games On Children - 1781 Words

In the past few decades video games have become extremely popular among children and young adults alike. In the early days of video games the children of which became captivated by these fictitious worlds still hold on to the loving value of playing these games and destroying their opponents, over time graphics and violence grew stronger in some of these games. Today, computer graphics in video games are incredibly realistic and there is an astronomical amount of people who are now pointing the finger towards video games for making them too violent resulting in their children to have violent outbursts and growing violent tendencies. I do not believe it is the video games that are making these children act in fits of anger and rebellion; I believe it is bad parenting that make these children lash out. Although, there have been numerous studies on the effects of video games and how they link violent acts carried out by young adults, most of the findings are inconclusive, meaning no phy siologist can actually prove that video games cause violence. Parents are the direct result of why children act out in violence not video games. Video games have gotten to the point where gamers can become a character in a virtual world and basically carry out any action to the gamers choosing, even if that means to kill whomever the gamer would desire in multiple explicit gory ways that the user desires to do in their twisted minds yet, people are still pointing fingers at this X-rated portionShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Video Games On Children Essay1279 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Video games have always been a controversial type of entertainment, that may come from how relatively new video games are compared to other mediums of entertainment[1]. Maybe because of that when a violent crime occurs and the culprit has played a lot of games the media is quick to point at violent games as the reason for the crime, but is that true or are the media just biased or looking for quick views, this report aims to answer that question. Do games affect our way of thinkingRead MoreEffects Of Video Games On Children Essay1357 Words   |  6 PagesScreening to a halt: Are parents in New Zealand able to identify signs of dependency or addiction in their children due to over use of screen-time from the recreational use of video games? Digital technology and the vast amount of video games have increased the amount of screen time consumption in contemporary New Zealand society. The saturation of smart phones, ipad’s, tablets, computers, game consoles and the Internet are devices with the means of connection to gaming. Many New Zealand families integrateRead MoreThe Effects of Video Games on Children1288 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects of Video Games on Children Technology today has progressed rapidly from generation to generation. Children and young adults are both into video games and the latest gadgets out there. Video games have been available to customers for the last 30 years. They are a unique way to entertain individuals because they encourage players to become a part of the games script. Victor Strasburger an author of â€Å"Children, Adolescents, and the media† stated â€Å"The rising popularity of video games hasRead MoreThe Effects of Video and Video Games on Children2043 Words   |  8 Pagesaction, usually in a cartoon, movie, or video game. For many of us, Disney is where we refer back to early forms of animation with the idea of using thousands of consecutive drawings; through Disney, we can now see how far this idea of breathing life into static objects has advanced. Today, animation is becoming more and more realistic. With highly advanced technology and computer programs, it has become easier for simple cartoons to develop into what children see as real life. These animated cartoonsRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On Children1548 Words   |  7 PagesVideo Games Introduction Today video games are a staple in most households. It is pretty amazing to know that the first creation of games date all the way back to the 1900s. They were not originally invented to make a profit, but to give patients something to do while waiting in the lobby of an office. One inventor had a simple idea of using the monitor not just as a television set, but as a way to play games. College students were just playing around with equipment and happened upon something greatRead MoreVideo Games And Its Effects On Children927 Words   |  4 PagesVideo games are a more interesting form of entertainment for the simple reason that players may become part of the game’s plot. Video games were invented for many years now. However, the current variety of games raised concerns about how they affect the children s behavior due to the fact that the games are becoming more sophisticated. Children spend most of their free time playing video games. Sometimes children refrain from completi ng important duties and dedicate all of their time playing videoRead MoreVideo Games And Its Effects On Children940 Words   |  4 Pageswas bored they went outside to play, they created new games, or they played with friends. But, for the past three decades, video games and other digital media have been persuading many adolescents and children to spend the majority of their time playing them. Video games seem to satisfy children’s natural need to interact socially, however more often than not, they lead to social isolation. Overexposure to digital media, such as video games is detrimental to the health and function of a child’sRead MoreVideo Games And Its Effects On Children1519 Words   |  7 PagesVideo games in the 21st century have transformed from friendly competing into guns, explosions, and major violence. Video games are getting away with more violence every year and the games are becoming more extreme. The consistence and severity of violence is at an a ll-time high leading the most popular games in the gaming community to have a ‘mature’ rating due to the considerable amount of violence involved. For example, one of the highest selling video games of all time grossing one billion itsRead MoreThe Effects of Video Games on Children1656 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction For more than 30 years, video gaming has been a popular activity amongst many of America’s children. With over $63 billion (Reuters, reuters.com) worth sold each year, video games are here to stay. While much controversy has arisen over the subject, video games have benefited the United States of America and its citizens to a great degree. For example, the military and CIA use gaming to train soldiers (Davidson, www.ehow.com), and classrooms use video games to teach students. The potentialRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On Children Essay1736 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of Video Games We see it everywhere we go, video games. Kids and adults are being captivated over the new video games that are coming out. Call of Duty, Battlefield,Uncharted; these are the games that people are enjoying and becoming fascinated with. What do all of those things have in common? There is only one answer and that is violence. Fighting, shooting, killing, these are the things that video games bring to the table and stimulate people s minds. We should ask ourselves whether

How We Punish Offenders in Our System Free Essays

Our correctional system punishes offenders, by putting them in jail, or in prison. In the early times, before prisons punishments were often cruel and torturous. The unsettling description of a man broken in half on a rack in the early 1700’s is just one of the ways crimes were punished at that time. We will write a custom essay sample on How We Punish Offenders in Our System or any similar topic only for you Order Now Flogging was another. The last flogging was in Delaware on June 16,1952. When a burglar got 20 lashes. Workhouses, were an early form of prisons in the sixteenth century Europe. The Penitentiary Era, from 1790-1825, is when the first prison was started in the USA. They started with the Quakers in Philadelphia. The mass prison era started in the 1800’s and has gotten stronger today, beginning in the 1960’s overcrowding and a renewed faith in humanity inspired a movement away from institutionalized corrections and toward a creation of reformation within local communities. Prisons today, there are about 1,325 state prisons, 84, federal prisons in operation in the US. Today. America’s prison population has quadrupled since 1980. We also punish people by putting them in halfway houses, or group homes. The Federal Prison system is used for the civilians convicted of violating federal laws. Leavenworth, in Leavenworth Kansas. Today the federal systems consist of 103 institutions, six regional offices, two staff training centers, and 28 community corrections offices. Jails are another way of punishing the criminal. We can put them in a jail and hold them up to one year, before they either, get probation, or go on to a prison. How to cite How We Punish Offenders in Our System, Papers

Smart Drugs to Enhance Intellectual Performance-Free-Samples

Question: Discuss about the use of smart drugs to enhance intellectual performance. Answer: Introduction The purpose of this task is to provide a brief overview about the use of smart drugs in todays environment. The report tells about the problem caused due to the use of smart drugs and whether its usage enhances intellectual performance or not. Further the task provides possible solutions and proposals for the problems. Smart drugs are the drugs which improve the functions performed by the brain. It improves the capacity of the brain which helps people execute function quickly, memorize activities and initiate creative and motivated activities (Ohashi, e. al., 2014). Smart drugs are also called cognitive enhancers and Nootropic. More details about the use of smart drugs are discussed below: Present Situation Smart drugs are basically drugs which are used by people to improve their capabilities to initaite their activities in better ways and initiate good outcomes. So, this can be regarded as one of the major reasons due to which people intake such drugs. Also this drug is used to treat the cognitive or motor functioning difficulties of people present in their mind. Disorder such as Alzheimers, ADHD, Parkinsons disease and Huntingtons disease are treated with the use of this drug as it helps the brain to such people to function normally (Sahakian, et. al., 2015). Apart from that students also use such type of drugs to increase their productivity to attentiveness to study on the topics. Such of smart can be regarded as smart only if the people using it have some mental disability or it is used by normal person under the prescription of doctor. Further talking about the present scenario it shall be noted that regular of such drugs adversely affect the body of an individual as it makes people addictive to such drugs due to which they start relying on them. Resulting to which, their mind do not function without the use of such drug and it leads to severe neurological disorder (Sahakian, and LaBuzetta 2013). Problem Everything taken to some extent is good for the human body but over intake of any medicine or eatery can negative affect on the human body. So, the fact shall be considered that it cannot be said that smart drugs negatively affects on the health of people but it shall be noted that over usage of such drug can show adverse effects on human brain and whole body. Furthermore talking about the problem which arises due to usage of smart drugs is that people start to depend on drugs and they become addicted to it. Smart drugs acts in such a way that it helps the brain to function more effectively and fast as well. So, the body and brain becomes habitual to this speed of function and if such drugs are not taken then the brain do not respond. The brain has its own functioning but if some drug is taken then the cells present in the brain do not work itself instead it is push but that drug to work, in its absence the cells of the brain are unable to carry the functions of the body on their own (Graeppi-Dulac, et. al., 2014). Possible Solution Talking about possible solution sought by the society worldwide to measure the use of such drugs and prevents its negative effect, the facts that clearly appeared is that neither the government can prohibit the use of such drugs nor people will understand the proper usage of such drugs in body. But still some possible solution have been initiated by the society is by spreading awareness. The medical practitioners have started making people with the adverse effects of over usage of smart drug in the human body (Witt, and Helmstaedter 2017). Also the chemist provides these drugs to people only if the person has prescription of doctor. These are a few possible solutions which are initiated by the people worldwide. But still there is lack of knowledge among people due to which they intake such drugs rapidly. With regards to that, on every smart drugs package the information is mentioned about the right of taking such drugs and with optimum quantity. Lastly, it all depends upon the mindse t of people their understanding that the want to use such drugs on not. If people are convinced with the product that it can increase their brain functioning positively then they will not understand the side effect of such drugs and use it anyway because it cause them pleasure (Jeon 2015). Proposal As discussed above that intake of smart drugs to a limited extent is good but it is harmful for people in long run. Thus, it shall be proposed that the governmental bodies shall regulate the supply of smart drugs in the stores. They shall strictly look after such stores who supplying it ask them to supply it only to the people who have authentic prescription. This will somehow reduce the illegal supply of such drugs and prevent people using it (Joshi Pranav 2013). The government shall look after the content mixed in the drugs as well. It should be formed in a way that it does not harm the health of normal healthy people. In this way somehow smart drugs negative use can be prohibited. Lastly, the awareness programs shall be organized and initiated by the societies so to prevent the negative usage of drugs. Also normal people shall be restricted to its use and the chemist shall aware people and instruct them with the usage while initiating sale (Karpukhin, et. al., 2014). Conclusion Thus in the limelight of above mentioned events, the facts that shall be noted is that limited intake of smart drugs is good for the human body. But people need to understand the crucial circumstances of using such drugs as it hampers the growth of the brain and makes it rely on the drugs only. It shall not be said that smart drugs are adverse for the human body but adequate consumption according to the prescriptions is good. People regularly use it increase their energies which after some time show its negative result on the human body. References Graeppi-Dulac, J., Vlaeminck-Guillem, V., Perier-Muzet, M., Dalle, S. and Orgiazzi, J., 2014. Endocrine side-effects of anti-cancer drugs: the impact of retinoids on the thyroid axis.European journal of endocrinology,170(6), pp.R253-R262. Jeon, J.P., 2015. Nootropics for Healthy Individuals. Joshi Pranav, C., 2013. A review on natural memory enhancers (Nootropics).Unique Journal of Engineering and Advanced Sciences,1(01), pp.8-18. Karpukhina, O.V., Gumargalieva, K.Z., Bokieva, S.B. and Inozemtsev, A.N., 2014. Heavy metals change effects of piracetam on learning and memory.Journal of Nature Science and Sustainable Technology,8(3), p.439. Ohashi, K., Dalleur, O., Dykes, P.C. and Bates, D.W., 2014. Benefits and risks of using smart pumps to reduce medication error rates: a systematic review.Drug safety,37(12), pp.1011-1020. Sahakian, B. and LaBuzetta, J.N., 2013.Bad Moves: How decision making goes wrong, and the ethics of smart drugs. OUP Oxford. Sahakian, B.J., Bruhl, A.B., Cook, J., Killikelly, C., Savulich, G., Piercy, T., Hafizi, S., Perez, J., Fernandez-Egea, E., Suckling, J. and Jones, P.B., 2015. The impact of neuroscience on society: cognitive enhancement in neuropsychiatric disorders and in healthy people.Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B,370(1677), p.20140214. Witt, J.A. and Helmstaedter, C., 2017. How can we overcome neuropsychological adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs?.

The Secret to Producing Successful Blog Posts

THE SECRET TO PRODUCING SUCCESSFUL BLOG POSTS Thank you to Michelle Rebecca for this guest post. Just about anybody can be a blogger, but it takes a certain set of skills, knowledge, and experience to consistently write popular posts. When it comes to creating content for an online audience, you can be the best writer in the world and have little impact unless you know the tricks to the trade. If you are just establishing yourself as a blogger or feel like you aren’t getting the attention you deserve, consider these four expert tips that are sure to give your blogs a boost in popularity. Grab Attention While at the end of the day your posts will be judged by the content within them, a sure-fire way to attract a wider readership is to create a title that demands attention. Creating attention-grabbing headlines is the No. 1 rule of all forms of mass communication, from newspapers to blog posts. You want to captivate the reader by using words that resonate; your title should promise to deliver the answer to an age-old question or provide insight on a hot-button topic. Make your titles short and to the point, and give a compelling reason for the reader to click on your story to find out more. Make your title a question so the reader is forced to read your blog to find out the answer. You can also try making your blog post titles a little shocking. Make It Inviting No one likes seeing giant blocks of text, online or not. However, online readers are more turned off by the look of a blog post that’s long, dense, and ultimately foreboding than people who also read traditional forms of media. Be sure to organize your posts into easily digestible sections, starting with a snappy introduction that pulls the reader in, and continuing in short paragraphs of concise information no longer than three or four sentences. Whenever applicable, use bullet points and numbered lists to support your ideas. Tip: Add in a few condensed â€Å"tips† or â€Å"hints† that will help your readers put your ideas into practice. You want to make sure your reader feels like your post actually helped them. Preach to the Choir If you want to grow your readership on the Web, choose subjects that register with a large audience. As long as you are demonstrating a unique perspective and speaking from a place of authority, everything is fair game. Try formulating your concepts in high-interest areas such as popular culture, personal finance, or how-to subjects. Just remember to be original and choose to add something new to the conversation rather than going over the same old ground that’s been covered a thousand times. If you’re an extremely opinionated person, try to restrain yourself from getting too one-sided in your blog posts. Taking a stance on a controversial topic will result in a much smaller readership than a neutral blog. If you feel as though you absolutely must express your opinion on something, consider incorporating a weekly or monthly opinion piece into your blogging schedule. Throw In Some Eye Candy Nothing puts the bow on a blog post better than the addition of an appropriate visual element. Whether it’s an instructional video, creative infographic, or good old-fashion photo, you can draw a bigger crowd by adding visuals for support. Sites like Pinterest, Wanelo, and Instagram have made people very spoiled when it comes to visuals. The increased use of infographics and videographics are great examples of how visually based we’re becoming. People may be bored by text, but turn that text into an image, and people are so much more likely to read it. Plus, many people are visual learners, and including a visual that illustrates a point will help them better understand what you’re saying. Visuals also make the post look more polished and professional, and they give you the opportunity to connect with potential readers before they read a single word. Final Thoughts Whether youre blogging for legal professionals or executive resume writers, you’ll have more success if you tailor your style to the online reader. By choosing compelling titles, formatting your work for readability, adding visual elements, and choosing favored genres, you will surely see a boost in the popularity of your posts. Michelle Rebecca is a writer, blogger, and freelancer who currently resides in Mechanicsburg, Pa. After attending college in Pittsburgh, she worked a large variety of jobs before finally realizing that writing is her true passion. She also enjoys social media, and is constantly fascinated by how social media brings people together and allows connections worldwide – connections that used to be impossible. (Bio updated December 2016)

10 Steps to Becoming a Professional Genealogist

10 Steps to Becoming a Professional Genealogist Do you think that the genealogical profession is one that you will enjoy?  Follow these simple steps to see if you have the necessary skill, experience, and expertise to offer your services to others on a fee basis. Includes tips on becoming a certified or accredited genealogist. Difficulty: N/A Time Required: Varies How to Become a Professional Genealogist Read and follow the code of ethics of the Association of Professional Genealogists and the Board for Certification of Genealogists.  Even if you belong to neither organization, this lets clients know you are serious about work quality and ethicsConsider your experience. A genealogist must be familiar with the various types of genealogical records available and know where to access them, as well as know how to analyze and interpret evidence. If you are unsure about your qualifications, enlist the services of a professional genealogist to critique your work and offer guidance.Consider your writing skills.  You must be knowledgeable of the proper format for source citations and have good grammar and writing skills in order to communicate your findings to clients. Practice your writing constantly. Once you have it polished, submit an article or case study for possible publication in a local genealogical society newsletter/journal or other genealogical publication.Join the Association of Professional Genealogists.  This society exists not only for practicing genealogists, but also for people who desire to further their skills.  They offer ongoing professional development in the skills needed to run a successful genealogy business. Educate yourself by taking genealogy classes, attending seminars and workshops, and reading genealogical magazines,  journals, and books.  No matter how much you know, there is always more to learn.Volunteer with a local genealogical society, library or group.  This will keep you in touch with a network of fellow genealogists, and help to further develop your skills. If you have the time, start or join a transcribing or indexing project for additional practice at reading genealogical documents.Make a list of your goals as a professional genealogist.  Think about what types of research interests you, the access you have to necessary resources and the profitability of doing research as a business. What do you want to do? Professional genealogists dont all do client research - some are authors, editors, teachers, heir searchers, bookstore owners, adoption specialists and other related fields.Develop your business skills.  You cannot run a successful business without knowing ab out accounting, taxes, advertising, licenses, billing and time management. Get a copy of Professional Genealogy: A Manual for Researchers, Writers, Editors, Lecturers, and Librarians. This book is the bible for genealogy professionals and those who want to become professional. It offers advice and instruction on everything from abstracting to setting up a business.Consider applying for certification or accreditation. The Board for Certification of Genealogists (BCG) grants certification in research, as well as in two teaching categories, and the International Commission for the Accreditation of Professional Genealogists (ICAPGen) offers accreditation in specific geographical areas. Even if you decide not to become certified or accredited, the guidelines offered by these testing programs will help you to objectively evaluate your genealogical skills. Tips: Practice your research skills every chance you get.  Visit courthouses, libraries, archives, etc. and explore the records. Get as much experience as you can before working for others.Dont stop researching your own family history.  It is most likely the reason you fell in love with genealogy in the first place and will continue to provide inspiration and enjoyment.

King Ethelbert I of Kent

King Ethelbert I of Kent King Ethelbert I of Kent was also known as: Aethelbert I, Aethelberht I, Ethelberht I, St. Ethelbert Ethelbert was known for: issuing the earliest Anglo-Saxon law code that is still extant. Ethelbert also allowed Augustine of Canterbury to evangelize in his lands, which would begin the Christianization of Anglo-Saxon England. Occupations: KingMilitary Leader Places of Residence and Influence: England Important Dates: Born: c. 550Became King of Kent: 560Died: February 24, 616 About King Ethelbert I of Kent: Ethelbert was the son of King Eormenric of Kent, who was believed to have been descended from Hengist, of Hengist and Horsa fame. When Eormenric died in 560, Ethelbert became king of Kent, even though he was still in his minority. The first notable action made by Ethelbert was an attempt to wrest control of Wessex from Ceawlin, then king of Wessex. His efforts were thwarted when he was badly defeated by Ceawlin and his brother Cutha in 568. Though he was evidently unsuccessful in war, Ethelbert was quite successful in his marriage to Berhta, daughter of the Merovingian King Charibert. Ethelbert had long been a pagan, worshipping the Norse god Odin; yet he made every concession to Berhtas Catholicism. He allowed her to practice her religion wherever and however she wished, and he even gave her the church of St. Martin, which had allegedly survived from the time of Roman occupation, in his capital of Cantwaraburh (which would come to be called Canterbury). Although it is entirely possible that Ethelberts devotion to his bride sprang from sincere regard and even love, the prestige of her family may also have motivated the Kentish king to accommodate her Christian ways. The Catholicism of the Merovingian kings tied them strongly to the papacy, and the power of the family was growing in what is now France. It is likely that Ethelbert allowed pragmatism and wisdom to govern these decisions. Whether he was motivated by the influence of Berhta or the power of her family, Ethelbert readily communicated with missionaries from Rome. In 597, a group of monks led by Augustine of Canterbury landed on the Kentish coast. Ethelbert welcomed them and gave them a place to live; he supported their efforts to convert his people, but never forced conversion on anyone. Tradition has it that he was baptized not long after Augustines arrival in England, and that, inspired by his example, thousands of his subjects converted to Christianity. Ethelbert facilitated the construction of churches, including the church of St. Peter and St. Paul, which was allegedly constructed on the site of a pagan temple. It was here that Augustine, the first Archbishop of Canterbury, would be buried, as were several of his successors. Although there was at one point a move to make London the primary See of England, Ethelbert and Augustine together resisted the attempt, and the See of Canterbury thus became the foremost Catholic Church in England. In 604 Ethelbert promulgated a law code known as the Dooms of Ethelbert; this is not only the first of several Dooms of Anglo-Saxon kings, it is the first known written law code in English. Ethelberts Dooms fixed the legal standing of the Catholic clergy in England as well as setting in place a good number of secular laws and regulations. Ethelbert died on February 24, 616. He was survived by two daughters and a son, Eadbald, who remained a pagan all his life. Under Eadbald, Kent and much of southern England saw a resurgence in paganism. Later sources would name Ethelbert a Braetwalda, but it is not known whether or not he used the title himself during his lifetime. More Ethelbert Resources: Ethelbert in PrintThe links below will take you to a site where you can compare prices at booksellers across the web. More in-depth info about the book may be found by clicking on to the books page at one of the online merchants. by Eric John, Patrick Wormald James Campbell; edited by James Campbell(Oxford history of England)by Frank M. Stentonby Peter Hunter Blair Ethelbert on the Web St. EthelbertBrief bio by Ewan Macpherson at the Catholic EncyclopediaMedieval Sourcebook: The Anglo-Saxon Dooms, 560-975First in the document are Ethelberts Dooms. Primary source taken from Oliver J. Thatcher, ed., The Library of Original Sources (Milwaukee: University Research Extension Co., 1901), Vol. IV: The Early Medieval World, pp. 211-239. Scanned and edited by Jerome S. Arkenberg, and placed online by Paul Halsall at his Medieval Sourcebook. Dark-Age BritainMedieval ChristianityWhos Who Directories: Chronological Index Geographical Index Index by Profession, Achievement, or Role in Society