Digital Art

Computerized workmanship is a general term for a scope of imaginative works and practices that utilization advanced innovation as a fundamental piece of the inventive and additionally introduction process. Since the 1970s, different names have been utilized to portray the procedure including PC craftsmanship and mixed media workmanship, and advanced workmanship is itself put under the bigger umbrella term new media workmanship. The effect of computerized innovation has changed exercises, for example, painting, drawing and model, while new structures, for example, net craftsmanship, advanced establishment workmanship, and augmented reality, have become perceived creative practices. All the more for the most part the term advanced craftsman is utilized to portray a craftsman who utilizes computerized advances in the creation of workmanship. In an extended sense, â€Å"digital art† is a term applied to contemporary workmanship that utilizes the strategies for large scale manufacturing or computerized media There are two principle ideal models in PC produced symbolism. The least difficult is 2D PC designs which reflect how you may draw utilizing a pencil and a bit of paper. For this situation, be that as it may, the picture is on the PC screen and the instrument you draw with may be a tablet pointer or a mouse. What is produced on your screen may seem, by all accounts, to be drawn with a pencil, pen or paintbrush. The subsequent kind is 3D PC illustrations, where the screen turns into a window into a virtual situation, where you organize articles to be â€Å"photographed† by the PC. Commonly a 2D PC illustrations use raster designs as their essential methods for source information portrayals, though 3D PC illustrations use vector designs in the formation of vivid augmented simulation establishments. A potential third worldview is to produce workmanship in 2D or 3D completely through the execution of calculations coded into PC programs and could be viewed as the local fine art of the PC. That is, it can't be delivered without the PC. Fractal workmanship, Data moshing, algorithmic craftsmanship and Dynamic Painting are models.

Child Development Stages Free Essays

Unit 201 Child and youngster advancement Outcome 3: Understand the expected impacts of advances on kids and youngsters 3. 1 Identify the advances experienced by most youngsters and youngsters 3. 3 Describe with models how changes may influence kids and youthful people’s conduct and improvement Under each heading, clarify how every angle may affect on a child’s conduct advancement, giving models. We will compose a custom paper test on Kid Development Stages or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now  ·Puberty: Growth sprays, early knickers, slow developers, desire from slowpokes, individual smell, reluctant about body evolving. Guys, become taller and more grounded, body changes , personal stench may create and he may need to begin utilizing antiperspirant. They become grouchy now and again and guardians need to attempt to comprehend this to help there juvenile adapt to changes. The most significant factors in the youthfulness through pubescence is friends, family and school. Any unsettling influence in these 3 elements can be an overwhelming weight on this developing kid. This could prompt sorrow, drugs, criminal acts and that's only the tip of the iceberg.  ·Starting school-From pre †school to essential (Reception class). Kid could feel anxious and feeling shaky. May begin essential without any companions from pre-school. New faces, new companionships. Figuring out how to dress themselves for P. E, more autonomy required. How may this influence the child’s conduct and improvement? Beginning school - ( cont from above) If kid J gets lost in an outright flood, isn't offered consolation by his instructor or by guardians, he will keep on getting a handle on left. He will at that point become pulled back and disconnect himself from everybody and everything. He will fall back in class and in light of the fact that he has detached himself from peers, he may begin to feel that he is all alone. He will at that point begin to appreciate his own conversation. He won't have any social abilities and won't move past this point. On the off chance that kid J begins school and this sort of conduct is gotten early he is offered consolation from his folks, educator and all that are a positive job in his life things could be altogether different. The more positive the guardians are, the more the youngster will be. He will flourish in school and have the option to discuss well with the educator and companions.  ·Moving class or school †Moving from gathering class to year one. Youngsters begin to follow the national educational plan and are frequently shown all the more officially. It can impact a youngster who is accustomed to learning through play, unexpectedly they need to work in a conventional manner for longer periods. Additional learning , less spare time. Change of educator, showing associate ( have a flexibly instructor). Influences learning, confidence, not having any desire to go to class. Eg. ) We moved to England when my child was 4 years of age. On appearance he went to grade school A, he did gathering class and year one at this school. When he got to year 2, I felt the instructor was laid back and I was not content with her technique for educating. I at that point moved him out of school An in year 2 and moved him to class B. It was an alternate zone. He needed to then start from the very beginning once more, new school, begin to make an entirely different friend network. In school B this is the place the harassing began. He kept it calm and it was not till I was drawn nearer by one of the moms at the school, she educated me that my child was being tormented. I thought I was doing the best for my child by moving him into another school since all I needed was for him to flourish. Moving school was not a decent decision, rather than flourishing, he was despondent, it influenced his confidence and he got pulled back. I ought to have thought about my children bliss. This is better Kamilla, you have utilized a genuine model.  ·Starting Secondary School †There are contrasts in the educational plan and the manner in which subjects are instructed. A few youngsters may find that there dear companions have moved into various schools, so they should grow new fellowships. Despite the fact that advances can be troublesome, proceeding onward can likewise be a positive and energizing experience eg) Biggest to littlest, schedules, numerous schools feed kinships, change of classes, change of subjects, begin to convey packs, discovering there route around the school. Eg. ) The calm timid male/female understudy may fall into the grip of the gathering of companions. To abstain from being tormented or to attempt to fit in with the â€Å" In kids† he/she will go to unimaginable lengths to abstain from being ridiculed. In certain schools there is inception. A few youngsters lose their certainty directly toward the beginning of optional school. . 2 Identify changes that lone a few youngsters and youngsters may encounter e. g mourning 3. 3 Describe with models how changes may influence kids and youthful people’s conduct and advancement Under each heading, clarify how every viewpoint may affect on a child’s conduct improvement, giving models. à ‚ ·Bereavement †Following a demise of a parent or somebody near a youngster can be horrible. On the off chance that kid was living with one parent this may mean a change in carer and maybe a move into private or child care. Loss of parent is annihilating . Watch out for change of conduct . Sorrow experiences a few changes Eg) Anger, forswearing, pulled back and crying constantly. It might influence memory, focus and learning. This test goes on for a considerable length of time and can keep going for at least two years. It can influence youngsters in various manners. Eg. ) There are youngsters who keep on doing admirably in school following the passing of a friend or family member. These youngsters go unnoticed. They my utilization the assignments of school work or sports to shut out difficult emotions or musings, or they may want to exceed expectations in view of an inclination that the parent is watching them and will need to show the perished parent the amount they care along these lines. This kind of reaction to misfortune can bring about pressure †related medical issues later on throughout everyday life, just as expected physical and enthusiastic troubles from uncertain distress. Step by step instructions to Help Maintain schedules in school Be practical about desires for scholarly accomplishment Allow make-up circumstances Remember that a few youngsters keep on having scholastic troubles as long as 2 years following a demise, and in some cases past Make special cases for sports participation†¦ sports can help with the mending procedure Refer to the school advisor Communicate with the guardians Regard the child’s need to lament Avoid advising the youngster to â€Å"Move on† or â€Å"Get over it†. Make a sincerely sheltered study hall Learn about children’s sorrow Recognize that exceptional sadness can come at formative stages, years after a passing happens Be persistent Affirm the individual, paying little heed to scholastic execution  ·new infant †The more seasoned youngsters experience change, Younger kids regularly discover changes tin family life due to the fresh debut, especially hard to adapt to. Eg) My child was a lone kid till he was 10years old. We generally did everything thing together, I over covered him and along these lines he was not a free youngster. When his sister was conceived, he got develop over night and turned out to be progressively free. I feel this was a positive change in his life. His younger sibling admires him. Contemplate a youngster that gets a handle on left, how may that influence their conduct and advancement The principal kid may encounter a scope of feelings, from fervor to desire or even hatred. More youthful babies can't verbalize their emotions, and their practices may relapse after the new kid is conceived. They may suck their thumb or drink a jug, overlook their ongoing potty preparing abilities and convey infant talk with an end goal to stand out enough to be noticed. More established little children and children may communicate their emotions by testing your understanding, getting into mischief, pitching fits, or declining to eat. These issues are normally fleeting and a little arrangement can help and more seasoned youngster change in accordance with inviting another kin.  ·moving house †A family may move house either into a more unfortunate condition where there might be high occurrences of wrongdoing or into a superior territory where they are increasingly open spaces. A youngster that moves into another region will desert companions and more distant families. In what capacity will this influence their conduct and advancement another house, new condition, new zone can influence a kid from numerous points of view. Another encompassing depending, can influence a kid by causing them to feel agitated. New faces, new aromas, new rooms can hinder a youngster. The breakdown of associations with peers, suspension of gathering exercises, pain and stresses identified with another condition are possibly mentally troubling occasions for small kids. Visit introduction to these occasions can be distressing and confounding and may influence their psychosocial prosperity, in this manner expanding their aim toward taking their life in the event that they can't adapt.  ·parent separate from detachment †Both recognizable schedules and ways of life will change. Youngsters will turn out to be progressively autonomous when there is just one parent. Some of the time they think it is there shortcoming. A few youngsters become pulled back from everybody. A few kids rebel, school work may endure. Do you have any models Eg) Child Z was 13years old when his folks got isolated. His body was experiencing significant changes hormonally. When his folks isolated he turned into an alternate kid. He consequently turned into the man of the house. He defied his mom, had no regard, returned home when he satisfied, his school work endured. He affronted everybody around and was handily affected. He stumbled into difficulty with the law because of companion pressure. At the point when you put this sort of conduct, this kid was looking for consideration. His grandparents interceded, sat him down and had a balanced with him. He educated them that he felt that his folks had separated as a result of him, he felt that he couldnâ

Analysis of Batter My Heart Essays

Investigation of Batter My Heart Essays Investigation of Batter My Heart Paper Investigation of Batter My Heart Paper In the sonnet â€Å"Batter my heart, three-personed God†, John Donne depicts a pained speaker who is encountering an otherworldly unsettling influence in tolerating his present confidence and who is in this way communicating his craving to recharge his confidence in God and his religion. All through this strict work, Donne utilizes the utilization of similitudes which give pieces of information with regards to what the speaker is feeling during the sonnet and Catch 22s to epitomize the speaker’s demand. In light of the primary explanation of the sonnet alone, obviously the lines to follow will include a type of strict clash, as appeared by the order said by the speaker, â€Å"Batter my heart, three-personed God†. According to the remainder of the sonnet, one can infer that the â€Å"three-personed God† to which the speaker is alluding is an illustration for the Holy Trinity of the Christian religion; the utilization of the word â€Å"batter† fills in as a precursor to the later fierce solicitations of the speaker. The metaphor utilized in line 5 of the sonnet which analyzes the speaker to a usurped town shows that the speaker is in an undesired and defenseless position, similarly as a city would be soon after being appropriated by a remote foe. In this allegorical sense, the speaker is requesting that God safeguard him and recover him from this obscure adversary. This thought can be later affirmed in lines 7 and 8 where the speaker straightforwardly talks about God’s endeavor to â€Å"recapture† his spirit. In spite of the fact that this affirmation of a perfect intercession is obvious to the speaker, he in any case expresses that â€Å"Reason, [God’s] emissary in me†¦/demonstrates feeble or untrue,† and that this instrument of God has itself been â€Å"captived†. Because of this absence of confidence, the speaker expresses that his endeavors to acknowledge God have been pointless when confronted with this â€Å"enemy†. The utilization of illustrations and likenesses inside the sonnet have the general impact of assisting with setting up the state of the speaker so as to give motivation to his solicitation.

Compare and contrast the roles of the teacher and teaching assistan

1. 1-Compare and difference the jobs of the instructor and showing associate in evaluation of students accomplishments. Both the educators and the encouraging aide fundamental job is to screen and evaluate students achievemnets in the class, however the primary instructor has by and large obligation regarding recording and settling on the choices that might be required for instance moving a youngster into an alternate gathering to coordinate their capacity levels. The educator should know about the movement made by all their classmates and have the option to report back to guardians and different individuals from staff.As an instructing assitant my primary job is to help the class instructor while the continuous appraisal of understudies happens. The instructor can quantify the advancement of every student via doing exercises and setting the kids clear learning destinations. Toward the start of the exercise the learning bolster specialist should know ob the learning goal and need to realize what they will be supporting, when they realize this then they will have the option to show the youngsters what they will do and how to accomplish it.The everyday arranging and exercise plans are the fundamental obligations of the class educator, yet criticism and contribution from the instructing right hand can enable the instructor to structure the arranged exercises. Just as the instructor having greater obligation comparable to their arranging we both work together to guarantee that all youngsters accomplish their objectives and both do perceptions of their classmates. Via completing perceptions this gives verifiable criticism to the instructor to show precisely what stage every kid is an, in the event that they need additional help and how to get them to their targets.The educators job in assesment for learning is to take a gander at the perceptions and input given to work out the diverse learning gatherings and move youngsters about if important, normal surveys of thes e gatherings will guarantee that the gatherings are progressively explicit to their capacity and the kids will pick up certainty from working in gatherings of understudies with a similar capacity. Both instructor and associate should be giving acclaim and consolation and furthermore be offering feedabck to the kids on how they are getting along this will support inspiration from the students. 1. 2-Summarize the contrast among developmental and summative assessment.Formative evaluation is a proper method of taking a shot at an exercise or focus on that should be educated, it is a progressing procedure after some time used to watch that the understudies have learned and comprehended the exercise through perceptions and perceiving how they work and what techniques are best for the students. It is a method of observing students to check their comprehension and to clear up any issues that are watched. Any issues should be adjusted to suit the individual needs. It is additionally utilized so the students can recognize their own qualities and weaknesses.Children ought to be associated with assessing their own advancement all through the exercise and be urged to consider what they have realized and how it may support future exercises. Summative appraisal is a reality based method of evaluating, it tends to be finished by end of week tests to perceive how the students are performing and whether they comprehend what they have realized. It will show whether the student has accomplished or not and on the off chance that it shows they havent arranging will be considered to adjust the manner in which the kid is instructed, therfore consistent survey will occur to assist with understanding future lessons.There are various ways developmental evaluation happens in the homeroom and several models Examples of developmental appraisal Observations-this will be done all through the exercise to ensure the objective for that exercise has been met. Criticism to the educator this will appear if a youngster has comprehended the exercise or if additional help is required. Input from the kid this will decide whther the youngster feels they have comprehended the exercise result. Instances of summative evaluation End of week tests SATS End of unit testsAlthough developmental and summative appraisals are various methods of surveying learning they are both utilized for evaluating and following the national educational program. Developmental appraisal is a progressively formal sort of evaluating where the emphasis is on observing students reaction to the exercise and any advancement made. Summative is the place the attention is on determing what the student has realized for instance in a test toward the finish of term.1. 3-Explain the qualities of evaluation for learning. At the point when the educator shares and clarify the learning objective with the understudies they will be giving the students an away from of what they are to realize, they canâ check the childs unde rstanding by posing inquiries, the help learning professional will likewise should know about the learning objective. It expects to assist students with increasing an away from of the measures they are focusing on a case of this could be giving a case of past work. By permitting pupikls to do self and friend appraisal it permits them to evaluate the advancement they have made and recognize how they can improve their work. Companion surveying permits others in the gathering to go about as basic friends.By giving criticism the understudies will see all the more unmistakably what they have to do straightaway and how to enhance their work if necessary, instances of input could be inquiries in a gathering or a through an entire class conversation. Advancing certainty that each kid can improve will see the kid gain fulfillment on their own advancement and will give them a feeling that they can keep on improving, an instructor or TA can do this by giving positive and helpful input, setting suitable focuses to their capacity and afterward working out a learning target which will challenge individuals.Involving both educator and students looking into and thinking about evaluation for learning it will permit the instructor to offset educator appraisal with companion and self evaluation permitting the youngsters to take responsibilty for their own learning and permits them to ponder what they have realized. They will concentrate on learning goals and sucess permitting them to gain great ground. 1. 4-Explain the significance and advantages of appraisal for learning-Assessment for learning is a basic piece of training as it characterizes whether the learning destinations are being met.Assessment for learning is a huge method to raise an understudies scholarly accomplishment. All together for the student to advance through the school they should comprehend the motivation behind their realizing, where they are according to this reason and how they can accomplish their set ob jectives and targets. Appraisal will enable an understudy to think about their own improvement which thus will assist them with perceiving their own qualities, an advantage of this is if a pupilis allowed the chance to talk about their adapting either with an educator/TA or their companions they may build up a more profound comprehension of their realizing which can fabricate certainty and spur them as students.Assessments can distinguish individual instructive needs of all youngsters just as illuminating them about their exhibition and achievments this will at that point permit instructors to utilize various methodologies customized to every childs needs. Kids who feel they are not part of the learning procedure are bound to lose enthusiasm for the exercise. Evaluation for learning is utilized with the goal that the understudy can comprehend the goal/aimof the exercise, what they have to do to arrive at this and where they are according to this.1. 5-Explain how appraisal for learni ng can add to making arrangements for future learning completed by-Teacher-It will add to future getting ready for the educator as the instructor will have the option to separate various gatherings by capacity and afterward levels they are at. They will have the option to perceive if any kid needs any extra help, regardless of whether it simply be additional coordinated help or whether and outside office is required for instance word related therapists.The instructor will choose through evaluation for realizing who the TA is to work with and will ensure they have all the right assets prepared. Doing reports during the time will permit any data to be given to gracefully educators and end of year reports will be passed to the new instructor of the following year to show what stage the understudies are at and they will carry on the last known point of interest. Student It will add to future getting ready for the understudy as they will recognize what their objectives are and how to acc omplish them.Feedback to the instructor or TA on whether they comprehend the learning objective. They may significantly offer proposals to disentangle the clarifications or may discover and simpler method of acvhieving. Self and friend appraisal in which the youngsters recognize their own accomplishments and progress and consider what they have to do to improve this. They may learn better by utilizing distinctive learning strategies for instance visual as oppesed to kinastetic.Just by approaching the understudies addresses will contribute for instance â€Å"do you think your penmanship is neat† they will know whether thet need to chip away at improving and should try it on their next endeavor. TA-By working close by the instructor and students the TA will have the option to perceive any territories of discovering that need returning to, they will do this by asking the understudies inquiries on how they feel the exercise went, is there any learning styles that would have cause d them to comprehend it better.They will input to the educator to help plan for future exercises and assemble any assets that will be required. An encouraging partner may likewise criticism to the educator by means of input structures and the instructor may conclude that a youngster in a specific gathering needs to move to another gathering. A TA will give additional help if a youngster needs it and offer less capable students the chance to return to regions they are uncertain of.

Essay --

Flu or influenza is brought about by RNA infections of the family orthomyxoviridae, that influences the nose, throat, and lungs-the respiratory framework. The regular side effects are: fever and respiratory issues, for example, hack, sore throat,stuffy nose, just as migraines and muscle throbs. Flu infections are spread principally by beads produced using individuals hacking, wheezing or talking while at the same time having this season's flu virus. These beads can land in the mouths or noses of individuals or can breathed in into the lungs. It is least basic for the infection to spread by contacting a contaminated surface then their mouth or nose. Influenza infections are isolated into 3 classes, A, B, C. An and B are answerable for issues in the respiratory framework that ordinarily happens throughout the winter. Flu types C is very unique in relation to An and B. Type C just motivation gentle respiratory indication or none by any means. As per CDC, nobody realizes precisely what number of individuals kick the bucket from seasonal influenza contamination every year. There are four fundamental purposes behind this. Above all else, states are not required to report flu related passings that are more established than the age of 18. Second, se...

Why You Should Experience BookBub.com

Why You Should Experience BookBub.com If you are an avid reader and have not yet explored BookBub.com, consider this your lucky day. Not only is the service freeâ€"its an incredible way to find new books recommended by your favorite authors and amazing deals on e-books within your preferred genres. Whether you are in a book club and looking for great suggestions or simply organizing your shut in for the Winter reading list, youre sure to find exactly what you need through one of BookBub.coms many reader resources.What Is BookBub?Think of BookBub as your own personal shopper who knows your reading taste well and has an eye for great deals. While the service doesnt actually sell books, it provides curated lists and handpicked recommendations based on your personal profile and the genre selections you choose. It then provides links to purchase the e-books from any number of e-book retailers available.Signing up is as simple as creating a BookBub profile. After submitting your email address, the website guides you through a genre selection page that asks you to check off your preferred genre (fiction and non-fiction are included). Following this selection, youre guided to a page that lists both new and bestselling authors within those genres. You can then follow specific authors to receive curated news and e-book purchase links focused on the author(s) of your choice.For a trial run, I selected the category Psychological Thriller and was shown the following page of authors in that genre:The results of my BookBub.com trial run.Note that you can choose as many genres and authors as you like on these selection pages, but I limited it to one genre to get a feel for how BookBub is set up.Finally, since BookBub doesnt sell the e-books on their site, youll need to choose with e-book retailer you typically use to download e-books. The selection I was given included Amazon Kindle, Barnes Noble Nook, Apple Books, Google Play and Kobo. Once you make a selection, when BookBub shows you deals, it will limit the se lections to the retailer(s) you choose. This is especially useful if you have a subscription or discount package with a specific e-book retailer.Your personal BookBub pageOnce you choose your preferred genre(s), author(s), and e-book retailer(s), youre taken to a personal BookBub page that immediately shows great e-book deals available for books within your chosen categories and retailers. Its really that simple. In addition to your personal recommendation page, BookBub also gives you the option to receive weekly email updates showing the currently available deals within your chosen genre(s). Many of the options I was shown were available for a few dollars or less! You really cant beat that, especially if you read a lot and prefer to own your own digital copies of your favorite books.DealsIn the menu at the top of the screen on the BookBub website, youll find tabs that make the site easy to navigate. One of my personal favorite tabs is Deals, in which a single click will take you to a page showing recent deals on e-books in the genre(s) of your choosingâ€"many of which are free! Thats right, you read that correctly. Through the BookBub Deals tab, you will be able to find e-books within your favorite genre(s) to download and read absolutely free. The other deals on the page included many titles that were 99 cents or a few dollars, at most. Its like having a library at your fingertips, except you get to keep the books you download.BookBub offers links to great e-book deals.How are these deals selected?Since BookBub offers deals showing books within specific categories, I was interested to learn how these deals are chosen. After digging a bit into the site, I found the following information:Publishers and authors submit hundreds of book deals every day for consideration. BookBubs editorial team reviews each of these submissions in detail to determine the best ones, taking into account a number of factors, including the books critical acclaim, price point, reader reviews, author background, and cover design. The editorial team evaluates the subject matter of a book based on historical reader reaction for that genre. Only 10-20% of submissions are selected to be featured on BookBub.BookBub.comReal-time updates from your favorite authorsAnother great perk to the website is the real-time updates from the favorite authors you choose when you set up your account. If the author(s) you choose has a new release or a pre-order available, BookBub will alert you by email and on your personal recommendation page. The individual author pages also show all of the books that have been previously published by that author, along with links to download the digital copies of them.You can also see other BookBub members who follow your favorite author, along with any recommendations given by those members. In this sense, BookBub is a social hub allowing avid readers to find fellow like-minded bookworms who can offer suggestions for their next great read.Recommen dationsIn addition to the great deals, BookBub alerts you to recommendations from your favorite authors, BookBub editors, and your friends and family (if they are registered on the site, as well). For more well-known authors, such as Gillian Flynn, the site does note that some of these recommendations have not come directly from the author (unless the author has claimed his or her BookBub page). Rather, the information was collected from a data partner. I did notice, however, that many of the author pages contained recommendations that came directly from the author.The BookBub blogWith multiple new posts per week, the BookBub blog is a well-rounded resource for book lovers interested in knowing the latest and greatest reads on the market. From exclusive excerpts to best of lists, the blog contains hundreds of curated lists and reading suggestions sure to keep you (or any book club youre a part of) busy delving into great stories.The BookBub blog offers great best of lists.One of the best features of the blog that I noticed is that each best of list or book suggested includes handy options to note whether you want to add the book to your wish list, you want to read it, youre currently reading it, or youre not interested, along with a link to purchase the book on one of the e-book platforms mentioned previously. This allows you to curate your personal selections even further, as well as recommend the book to others (if its one youve already read). If youve invited friends or family to join BookBub, this is a great way to know the perfect gift to purchase for birthday or holiday celebrations, since they can add books to their wish list directly from the blog posts they read.Here is a sampling of some of the most recent blog articles available on the site. Most of these are from December (to give you an idea of the frequency of blog posts on the BookBub website):The Most Heartbreaking Books Coming in 201923 of the Best Books for Second GradersThe Most Anticipated Books of 201916 Books Recommended by BookBub Employees This Year25 of the Best Debut Novels of 20187 Things To Know About Mary Poppins Returns7 Royal Historical Books Recommended by Jennifer RobsonThe New York Public Librarys Most Checked-Out Books of 201824 of the Best Romance Books of the Year30 Gifts for Every Book Lover in Your Life31 Bookish Gift Ideas for Book LoversThe Best Classic Novels of All Time, According to BookBub ReadersForbes Announces the Highest-Paid Authors of the Year6 Books I Read in Under 48 Hours This Year19 of the Best Psychological Thrillers of 2018BookBub Editors Share Their Favorite Books of the Year34 of This Years Highest Rated Books on BookBubRead an Exclusive Excerpt of Lisa Jewells Watching YouThe Best Historical Fiction Books of 2018Reese Witherspoon to Adapt Where the Crawdads SingMy general impressionAs an avid reader, I was especially excited to discover BookBub.com and the many reader resources it offered through a user-friendly website. The blo g contained several useful articles and curated lists that will keep me busy with new reading material for a while. I was especially interested to find new authors within my favorite genre, and have access to multiple e-books that I could download for only a few dollars (and many for free). I also plan to recommend it as a marketing tool to several indie authors I know who are looking for ways to build their audience. I will be using the site often and recommending it to others who I know are voracious readers, as well.

Research Paper on Structures of the Technology Sector and its Changes

Research Paper on Structures of the Technology Sector and its Changes Technology, by any measure, is the most competitive and fast moving industry, and businesses have to develop new structural strategies to maintain their competitive sustainability. The survival of business in the industry is dependent, in part, to innovation and new product development, and as well, structural reinvention and strategies. Actions and strategic decisions of top management executives are essential in the determination of the future of many organizations and in enabling these organizations to avoid becoming obsolete. Traditionally, business organizations in the IT industry have used integration to enhance their developmental and operational activities. For instance, IBM has managed to stand the test of time by becoming successful for extended periods despite the challenges associated with the fast-moving technological field (The Economist, June 11 2011). The success of IBM can be attributed to the fact that IBM’s strategic and operational activities revolved aroun d developing products based on ideas rather than basing the development on the development of a specific technological product. Concentrating on an idea made it easy for IBM to adapt to different industry situations such as shifts in technological platforms. Currently, majority of technology giants are adopting similar strategies of focusing on particular ideas as opposed to focusing on a particular technological product (The Economist, June 11 2011). The growth challenges facing HP, the world’s biggest PC maker, can be attributed to the fact that it concentrated majority of its operational activities in the manufacture of particular technology-PCs. A shift in diversification of strategy could enable HP to expand its idea portfolio and hence, sustain the changing operational factors in the technology industry (The Economist, August 27, 2011). Other firms in the IT industry that have learnt the strategy of capitalizing on ideas include Apple Inc., Amazon, and Facebook. Innovation and iconic leadership have enabled Apple Inc. to innovate new ideas and develop new products that not only satisfy the needs of the market but also products that are packaged in an elegant an appealing manner to sustain the competitive environment in the industry. Sadly, the Apple’s founder might be gone but his legacy still lives on. The current management will keep on innovating new ideas to enhance the competitive edge of products develope d by the Company. Similarly, Facebook and Amazon are other technological players that continue to utilize ideas in the advancement of their operational activities. Interestingly, firms such as Microsoft, Oracle, Google, and Dell have managed to survive in the industry despite using traditional technologies and single products (The Economist, June 11 2011). Even though there is a hidden secret behind the continued survival, these firms must restructure and reinvent their strategies in order to strengthen their competitive edges. Business Integration This process entails putting the focus in the improvement of effectiveness and efficiency of strategic processes of running business organizations. Although the process might seem complex, major activities in business organizations are concerned with the improvement quality, provision of timely information, and rapid implementation of business strategies. The vital thing is the identification of an enterprise integration strategy that encompass different types of technologies. Integration strategies have an effect of enabling firms to enhance their business abilities and deliver success in projects (Barkley, 2006). Reducing costs in the end and maximizing profits should form the basis for the majority of business enterprises. An examination of the technological industry reveals that the majority of organizations in the industry have focused on strategic changed for different strategic reasons. Firms are adopting a mixture of vertical integration and horizontal integration strategies to enhance their competitive advantages and as well, increase growth levels (Jones, and Hill, 2009). Overall, diversification and integration have increased value for most business organizations. Many an organization have operated using basis strategies that have evolved over time. Equally important have been the effects of the management structures of such organizations and the actions of management have had an impact of adjusting internal strategies. The most difficult part among such organizations is the management of strategic shifts during business integration (Helmy, 2006). The type of adopted integration strategy should be formulated to address new problems, challenges, and opportunities that are currently facing the or ganization in question. As such, the formation and initial structure of many firms in the Technology industry have had an effect of influencing the strategic structures of firms. For instance, vertical integration was adopted due to the need to provide solutions to challenges and news of the new markets (Badinger, and Egger, 2008). As the market continued to diversify, there was the need to combine new strategies and as such, organizations made structural changes cater for other emerging organizational responsibilities. This channeled the need for the adoption of horizontal integrations among organizations. Horizontal Integration This form of business integration entails the expansion of business located in the same value or supply chain (Gaughan, 2010). Examples of vertical integration include a situation whereby an automobile manufacturer purchases a SUV vehicle manufacturer, a TV station that owns a radio, and newspaper company, and Oil Company purchasing refineries. Growth in such a situation is obtained through external and internal expansion activities. For instance, mergers and acquisitions between firms that offer similar services and products e.g. the merger between HP and Compaq is a good real life example of Horizontal Integration. The acquisition of You Tube by Google Inc. is another example of Horizontal Integration. Advantages of Horizontal Integration Firms with horizontal structures are associated enjoy certain advantages when compared to those with vertical structures. First, Horizontally integrated firms have focused resources such that technological, managerial, functional, and financial resources are channeled into the enhancement of competitive advantage in one particular area (Grossman, and Hart, 2006). Focusing on a particular resource or area enables such firms to add value to their products. Second, horizontally merged firms have the ability to increase their profit generating capabilities. For instance, lowering the cost structure can enable a horizontally integrated firm to increase the economies of scale and minimize the duplication of resources between the two companies (Grossman, and Hart, 2006). Additionally, the merged firm is capable of enhancing product differentiation through strategies such as cross-selling, offering total solutions to customers, and product bundling. Third, horizontally integrated firm is cap able of reducing rivalry among industries through the elimination of excessive capacity within the industry and the implementation of tacit price coordination among rivals. Last, these firms are capable of increasing their market power when compared to the power of buyers and suppliers. It also helps in gaining greater market control. Other benefits related to Horizontal Integration include increased economies of scale given that the merged firm or the parent company would register more sales from the sale of increased volume of the same commodity. This is possible because merged or acquired firms would benefit from the already developed distribution and marketing channels in different geographic locations. Cost reduction is also possible through horizontal integration. Another advantage that results from Horizontal Integration is the expansion of operational scope that can be achieved when resources are shared equally in the production of different products. The economies of scope are known as resource synergies. Horizontal Integration leads to increased market power of the organization thereby enabling it to control downstream distribution channels. Firms located in different locations can operate their activities from different locations. Other benefits associated with horizontal integration strategies include expansion of market share and attracting more customers through the sale of the developed brand. It also leads to strengthened negotiation power because the company will obtain more advantage when compared to other leading suppliers. Challenges of horizontal Integration Other than the increased competitive power of acquired or merged organizations, the concentration of firms in the market results to other challenges and products. First, responsibilities and workloads would increase significantly due to the increased size of the organization. Merging different cultures has an effect of altering the organizational culture, and managers have the tendency to overestimate or underestimate the problems resulting from merged or acquired operations. As such, it can result to a horizontal monopoly and monopolies are not good for the market. Anti-trust issues are some of the factors that under the operations of horizontally integrated firms because of the reduced competition or the creation of a monopoly. Other than the factors arising from these legal issues, it is often unlikely for horizontally integrated businesses to realize the projected economic gains. Horizontal integration can be blamed for the many challenges that exist in the IT industry, particularly among computer firms. For instance, many firms in the computing industry adopted horizontal strategies thinking that there were many synergies between hardware and software. This believe was driven by the notion that the synergies between these two sets of products would enable such organizations to realize economic scopes. Even though horizontal integration holds huge benefits, the potential benefits do not occur spontaneously and, thus, the corporate management of horizontally integrated organizations must formulate strategies (Grossman, and Hart, 2006). Vertical Integration Firms in the IT industry adopted the Vertical Integration strategy due to the need for managing the expanded stream of downstream buyers and upstream suppliers. Examples are supermarkets and food manufacturers that are involved in different stages of production. Oil refineries and petrol stations are also other good examples. This strategy has an effect on enhancing the unit position of an industry in relation to differentiation, cost reduction, corporate strategies, and addressing strategic issues. Forward integration and backward integration are two forms of vertical integration. A third form of Vertical Integration (Balanced integration) exists when an IT company becomes responsible for setting up subsidiaries to supply in puts and at the same time market their own products. IT firms adopts forward integration in order to obtain ownership and more control in downstream distribution activities of retailers and distributors. This includes a situation whereby the organization’ s distributors are expensive or unable to satisfy the distribution needs of an organization, when the competitive advantage in the industry is determined by firms practicing the forward integration strategy, and as well, when the industry grows at an increasing rate. The forward integration strategy enables such firms to diversify its capabilities in case the market becomes volatile. Other factors that make it ideal to adopt forward integration includes possession of capital and human resources, high but stable production, and high profit margins for retailers (Jones, and Hill, 2009). Similarly, the need to gain increased control and ownership of the upstream suppliers calls for the adoption of the backward integration strategy. This entails the process where the IT company owns some of the subsidiaries responsible for the production of particular inputs. This is common in situations where unreliability among suppliers exist, the suppliers are very expensive, and as well, in situations whereby suppliers are unable to satisfy the needs of the organization. The increased global competition results to the need to minimize the number of suppliers, meet the demand for the need for high service delivery, and improve the quality of products distributed. Ideal situations for the backward integration strategy includes the capability of the organization in terms of human resources and capital in managing the firms’ supply of raw materials, the competitive situation of the industry, and high profit margins for suppliers. This explains why Dell opted to supply personal ized products directly to consumers. Advantages The major benefits associated with vertical integration are most concerned with control and cost minimization. The aspect of controlling costs is dependent on the prevailing costs of transactions between firms in the market and is often compared to the internal costs of administration within a single firm. In lieu of asset control, firms are capable of influencing entry barriers and obtain control of key-value adding aspects. Advantages obtained by firms that adopt vertical integration include the following. First, vertical integration leads to lower transaction costs. Reduction in costs comes because of inter transactions between subordinate companies that are managed using a central communication and management system. Second, vertical integration leads to high certainty of quality because of the central system of quality control and hence production of standardized products. Third, vertical integration enables firms to obtain monopoly of the market given that they control producti on and distribution activities. Other benefits of vertical integration include the ability of firms to capture downstream and upstream profits, increasing the entry barriers to potential competitors, and facilitating investment activities in highly specialized but profitable assets that downstream or upstream players might be unwilling to invest. Disadvantages Firms that adopt Vertical Integration structure are also associated faced with a number of challenges. The first drawback involves the need to balance the capacity of the organization to deliver balanced upstream and downstream operations. Second, vertical integration can lead to inefficiencies that result from higher costs and lack of competition among suppliers. The cost structures are generally increasing and therefore, suppliers owned by the company can develop higher cost structures than those from independent suppliers. Vertical integration can undermine the process of creating new competitions because it has an effect of compromising the already existing competencies. Third, given the changing nature of technology, vertical integration may make a firm to be locked in inefficient or old technologies. Vertical Integrations have been known to prevent firms from adopting new technological innovations that are critical in strengthening the business model. Last, vertical integration increases bureaucratic costs and other management costs such as costs associated with finding solutions to transaction difficulties. Conclusion By any means, structural implementation and strategic design play critical roles in determining the success of many an organization. Organizations have to implement strategies that suits the demands of the market and as well, those that are compatible with the business model. changes have to be made to align the organization to its business model and restructure the organization to meet the competitive pressures (Gaughan, 2010). Structures are also critical in organizing employees and in making critical decisions that cover many aspects of the organizations. The management leadership in many organizations have to decide on the right organizational structure to adopt in the realization of company goals and objectives. The organizational structures can either be based on centralized, decentralized, focused purpose, or future perspectives depending on the long-term goals and objectives (Helmy, 2006). An examination of the IT sector reveals that the industry is one of the most competitive and fast moving industries. Organizations within this industry are forced to develop new structural strategies to maintain their competitive sustainability. The survival of business in the industry is dependent, in part, to innovation and new product development, and as well, structural reinvention and strategies. Like in most organizations, actions and strategic decisions of top management executives are critical in determination of the future sustainability of many organizations. As such, managers must choose the best integration strategies to enable them remain competitive. Another critical thing in the technology industry is the ability of organizations to develop products from ideas as compared to developing products based on particular technologies. The success of IBM can be attributed to the fact that IBM’s strategic and operational activities revolved around developing products bas ed on ideas rather than basing the development on the development of a specific technological product. Concentrating on an idea made it easy for IBM to adapt to different industry situations such as shifts in technological platforms. Similarly, the dwindling performance at HP can be attributed to adoption of the wrong integration strategy. Admittedly, technological products have specific life cycles and therefore, firms have to be innovative in order to keep on addition new products into their product portfolios. For this reason, business integration becomes an integral factor when deciding the type of structural changes. Managers and management executives have to examine the structures of their organizations critically before deciding adopt Horizontal or Vertical Integration or a combination of both (Badinger, and Egger, 2008). Each structure has its own benefits and setbacks and it is upon managers to conduct a thorough analysis of the situation before adopting the right integrati on strategy. 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